Gravity by Fundamental Physics

Gravity by Fundamental Physics

By: Miles Pelton, 15/7/14

Abstract:

            Perhaps the most torturous explanations of physics phenomena deals with gravitational attraction, gravity for short. Newton described gravity as the force between two bodies of mass is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Yet when put into equation form it turned out that the force of gravity between two bodies is F₁ = F₂ = G m₁ x m₂/d² with no explanation why G was necessary or why F¹and F² are equal or why the masses were multiplied.

            The encyclopedia explain gravitational attraction as a natural phenomenon where physical bodies attract each other with a force of attraction that acts between and on all physical bodies with matter (mass) or energy. The term energy was not explained and nowhere is energy stated as a cause.

Discussion:

            As a fundamental “natural phenomenon” all aspects need (and can be) defined in absolute terms including the cause, which is not now the case. First is to define the term mass and to identify the absolute quantum component of mass that fulfills the observations of Galileo with the leaning tower of Pizza demonstration, which concluded the need for a particle elementary to all matter must exist. That particle was never identified. However, since the electron is the smallest elementary charge the elementary particle must be the size of an electron.

            Since matter (mass) attracts matter a form of energy that attracts itself is indicated as necessary to achieve that behavior. Also, to obtain a physical presence elementary particles need a repelling charge that repels itself. Then a form of energy that will establish affinity between the attraction and repelling charges beginning with their assembly into elementary particles must have a form of energy that attracts itself.

            With that reasoning the conclusion is drawn that one quantum charge of each of the three forms of fundamental energy exist with sustained intensity as a composite elementary particle, of which all things are made. It is the attraction charge that attracts another like attraction charge that is of interest in gravitational attraction.

            With one attraction charge inherent in each elementary particle an assembly of elementary particles acquires a an attraction charge intensity equal to the number of elementary particles, which corresponds to the mass of the assembly. The attraction charge of an assembly acts from the vector center of the assembly, the center of gravity, to attract the attraction charges of another assembly .For example, an assembly of 1,000 elementary particles has a center of gravity with 1,000 units of intensity. Such an assembly would attract another assembly say with 100 elementary particles with 100 lines of 1,000 units of intensity applied to each line. Then the 100 elementary particle assembly with a 100 unit intensity would attract the 1,000 elementary particle assembly with 1,000 lines of 100 unit attraction intensity.

            The intensity applied by a fundamental form of energy decreases as the distance from the point of action squared. This behavior has a big influence on the intensity of the force applied. For example; the intensity of the earth’s center of gravity that is applied on a person on the surface decreases as the earths radius squared and the intensity of the force applied by the person on the earth’s surface on the earth is reduced to near zero. Being distributed over all the elementary particles in the earth the intensity per line is small and the distances involved very large the force of the person on the earth would be negligible.

            The mass, that is the number of elementary particles, of an object of known composition, for example carbon, can be established by multiplying the number of nuclei by 1,836. With an object of known elementary particles the mass of a multi element composition, for example the earth, can be degtermined by measuring the force of attraction exerted on the known mass object and by knowing the radius distance. Also, the unit of force determination can be converted to conventional force terms by measuring the force per unit of force.

            Therefore, the force acting between two bodies is equal to mass 1 X mass 2 divided by the distance squared plus mass2 X mass 1 divided by the distance squared or F = 2 x (m1 +  m2 / d^2)  X PF where PF is the proportionality factor for converting units of  force to a conventional force term. It is not understood why it was found necessary to develop and apply a Gravitational Constant but possibly because elementary particles were not recognized.

Conclusion:

            The calculation of gravitational force is rather straight forward with recognition that matter is made of absolutely identical sustained intensity elementary particles and recognition of elementary particles also shows that the Newton conclusions were defective.